How Much Do I Need to Retire?

Calculate Your Retirement Number Based on Spending, Returns & Withdrawal Rate

The amount you need to retire depends mostly on your yearly spending, your withdrawal rate, and how long your money needs to last. A common starting point is the 4% rule, which suggests you need about 25× your annual expenses.

But your retirement number also depends on where you live. Lower taxes and a lower cost of living can reduce annual spending, shrink the portfolio you need, and shorten your timeline by years.

Assumptions updated: March 2026

How retirement numbers are usually calculated

The simplest version is: annual spending ÷ withdrawal rate = retirement number.

If you expect to spend $50,000 a year and use a 4% withdrawal rate, your target is about $1.25 million. If you expect to spend $80,000, the same rule gives you a target of $2 million.

That is why spending matters so much. A lower annual spending target does not just reduce your monthly needs — it directly lowers the size of portfolio required to retire.

Estimates the portfolio you need to cover your full lifestyle indefinitely at your chosen withdrawal rate.

Calculator inputs
Enter your income, spending, and investing assumptions.
That's $48,000/yr
Leave blank to estimate from after-tax income.
Market volatility assumption
Conservative 5% / 4% · Moderate 7% / 5.5% · Aggressive 9% / 7%
How moving could change your timeline
Geography may be one of the most powerful levers in a FIRE plan. Same income, same returns, different cost of living.
Annual: $33,600
MOVE IMPACT
Current FIRE age68
FIRE age after move50
Could bring FIRE forward by18 yrs

Your FIRE milestone

At your current pace you could reach financial independence at age 68, in about 38 years, around 2064.

FIRE Number
$3,066,819
Based on 4% withdrawal rate
Years Until FIRE
38 yrs
Est. FIRE year: 2064
Estimated FIRE Age
68
Savings Rate
18.4%
$58,845 est. net · 34.6% tax rate
Progress to FIRE
2%
$75,000 invested · On track for FIRE at 68
How this estimate works
Estimates the portfolio you need to cover your full lifestyle indefinitely at your chosen withdrawal rate. Returns use your selected volatility preset. Inflation and salary growth compound annually. This is a planning estimate, not financial or tax advice.
Decision engine

Your fastest path to financial independence

You're currently projected to reach your goal in 38 yrs. Here are the changes that would get you to financial independence fastest.

Biggest lever
Move to the lower-cost location

Moving to a lower-cost location reduces your living costs and the retirement target your portfolio needs to support.

Estimated improvement18 years sooner
What would move the needle most

1. Move to the lower-cost location

18 yrs sooner

Lower geographic costs can shorten the path materially.

FIRE age
50
Full FIRE age
50
Years to FIRE
20 yrs

2. Raise savings rate to 28%

9 yrs sooner

More of your income working for you sooner.

FIRE age
59
Full FIRE age
59
Years to FIRE
29 yrs

3. Lower spending by 10%

7 yrs sooner

A smaller target means compounding has less ground to cover.

FIRE age
61
Full FIRE age
61
Years to FIRE
31 yrs

These are planning estimates, not guarantees. Small changes in return assumptions, taxes, and future spending can materially change the result.

What changes your retirement number most

Annual spending

Spending is the biggest driver. Lower annual expenses mean a lower retirement target.

Withdrawal rate

A lower withdrawal rate means you need a larger portfolio. A higher rate lowers the target, but with more risk.

Location

Where you live changes taxes, housing costs, and everyday spending, which can materially change your number.

Retirement age

Earlier retirement usually requires more caution because the portfolio needs to last longer.

Why location matters more than people think

Your retirement number is based on annual spending, not just investment returns. That means moving to a lower-cost city or lower-tax state can reduce the amount your portfolio needs to support every year.

In practice, a relocation decision can sometimes improve the math more than a small raise or a slightly higher investment return assumption.

What this calculator includes — and what it does not

Included

  • Retirement number estimate
  • 4% rule and withdrawal-rate planning
  • Location-aware spending and tax comparison
  • Timeline testing through the FIRE calculator

Not fully modeled

  • Every tax edge case or deduction
  • Sequence-of-returns risk in full detail
  • Healthcare and long-term care with precision
  • Guaranteed future returns

This is a planning tool, not a guaranteed retirement forecast.

Frequently asked questions about retirement numbers

How much money do I need to retire?
A common starting point is 25 times your annual expenses, based on the 4% rule. The exact number depends on your withdrawal rate, timeline, taxes, and expected spending.
What is the 4% rule for retirement?
The 4% rule is a planning guideline suggesting a portfolio can support withdrawals of roughly 4% per year over a traditional retirement horizon. That implies a retirement number of about 25 times annual spending.
How does where I live affect how much I need to retire?
Significantly. Lower spending and lower taxes reduce the size of portfolio your retirement must support.
How much do I need to retire at 50?
Retiring at 50 usually requires a more conservative plan than retiring later because the portfolio may need to last 40 years or more. Many early retirees use a withdrawal rate lower than 4%.
Does Social Security reduce how much I need to save?
Yes. Any reliable outside income reduces the amount your portfolio needs to cover each year.
What investment return should I assume for retirement planning?
Many people use 5% to 7% nominal return assumptions for planning, but the right number depends on how conservative you want to be.