RMD Calculator

Find your required minimum distribution from a traditional IRA or 401(k) using the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table — plus a multi-year schedule and the tax you'll owe.

SECURE 2.0 age-73 start · Uniform Lifetime Table · tax estimate.

See methodologyPlanning estimates only. Results depend on your inputs, tax status, and assumptions.

This year's RMDMulti-year scheduleTax estimateUniform Lifetime Table

Your account

Your age

Prior year-end balance

Expected annual return (%)

Tax estimate

Filing status

State

RMDs are taxed as ordinary income (federal + state, no FICA). This estimate treats the RMD as your only income; if you have other income, your rate may be higher.

This year's required minimum distribution

$18,868

$500,000 ÷ 26.5 (age 73 divisor) = 3.77% of your balance. After an estimated $312 in income tax, you keep about $18,556.

Projected RMDs by age

Each year's RMD from the balance and Uniform Lifetime divisor.

AgeDivisorRMDEst. tax

7326.5$18,868$312

7425.5$19,811$406

7524.6$20,717$497

7623.7$21,661$591

7722.9$22,546$680

7822$23,566$782

7921.1$24,627$888

8020.2$25,730$998

8119.4$26,738$1,099

8218.5$27,923$1,222

8317.7$28,988$1,350

8416.8$30,256$1,502

8516$31,372$1,636

8615.2$32,507$1,772

8714.4$33,658$1,910

8813.7$34,567$2,020

8912.9$35,733$2,159

9012.2$36,597$2,263

9111.5$37,424$2,362

9210.8$38,204$2,456

RMDs from traditional IRAs and 401(k)s must begin by April 1 of the year after you turn 73 (then by December 31 each year after). Missing one triggers a 25% penalty (10% if corrected promptly). This uses the Uniform Lifetime Table; a spouse more than 10 years younger as sole beneficiary uses a different table. Roth IRAs have no lifetime RMDs. Estimates only, not tax advice.

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How this calculator works

Your RMD is your prior year-end balance divided by a life-expectancy factor from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table for your age. At 73 that factor is 26.5 — about 3.77% of your balance — and it drops each year, so RMDs take a larger share as you age.

The calculator shows this year's RMD, projects the schedule forward as your balance grows and is drawn down, and estimates the federal and state income tax on each distribution using the same verified tax engine as the rest of the site.

Official divisors

IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (2022 update).

Multi-year view

See how RMDs rise as the divisor shrinks.

Tax estimate

Ordinary income tax, federal + state.

Age-73 start

SECURE 2.0 timing, rising to 75 in 2033.

Good to know

Missing an RMD triggers a 25% penalty (10% if corrected promptly), so the deadlines matter.

This uses the Uniform Lifetime Table. If your sole beneficiary is a spouse more than 10 years younger, a different (lower) table applies.

Roth IRAs — and, since 2024, Roth 401(k)s — have no lifetime RMDs.

It's a planning estimate, not tax advice.

✓No account or sign-up required

✓IRS Uniform Lifetime Table

✓Federal + state tax estimate

Frequently asked questions

What is an RMD?+

The minimum you must withdraw each year from a traditional IRA/401(k) once you reach the required age — your prior year-end balance divided by an IRS Uniform Lifetime Table factor.

At what age do RMDs start?+

Age 73 under SECURE 2.0 (rising to 75 in 2033). The first can be delayed to April 1 of the following year, but then you take two that year.

How is it calculated?+

December 31 prior-year balance ÷ the age divisor. At 73 the divisor is 26.5, so $500,000 gives about an $18,868 RMD.

Do Roth accounts have RMDs?+

No — Roth IRAs never require lifetime RMDs, and as of 2024 neither do Roth 401(k)s. RMDs apply to traditional pre-tax accounts.

What if I miss one?+

A 25% penalty on the shortfall (10% if corrected promptly), and the RMD is taxed as ordinary income when taken.

Plan your withdrawals

See how RMDs fit your broader drawdown and tax plan.